Primary brain injuries involve direct trauma to the brain due to any reason including severe hyperthermia or hypothermia and prolonged seizures. These once acquired, cannot be altered. Secondary brain injury is the alteration of brain tissue that occurs after primary injury. This can be controlled with optimal supportive care and treatment.
Any deficiency of oxygen or direct trauma to the brain may result in bleeding and fluid buildup causing excessive pressure on the brain. This in turn can cause complications involving the heart, eye, and several other body systems. Symptoms vary and depend on the cause, site and severity of the brain injury. Some common symptoms include
Seizures
Loss of consciousness
Abnormal posture
Irregular movements
Ear or nose bleed
Bleeding inside the eye
Cyanosis
Ecchymosis
Heavy or rapid breathing
Abnormal heart functions, such as bradycardia
